The Impact of Human Resource Management on Organisational Performance, A Case Study of Dangote Group of Companies Nig Plc

THE IMPACT OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ON ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE

(A CASE STUDY OF DANGOTE GROUP OF COMPANIES NIG PLC)

BY

YOUR NAME

MATRIC NO:

BEING A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED TO

FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES,

 IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (B.SC.) DEGREE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION, …..UNIVERSITY

       

DATE.......

ABSTRACT

This is an 85 page project that focused on the Impact of Human Resource Management on Organizational Performance, A Case Study of Dangote Group of Companies. In today’s complex business environment filled with intense competition and dynamism in environmental variables, nothing calls for organizational success than the contributions of organizational human capital. Of all the organizational resources in terms of men, machine, money and materials, it is the human element that calls for organizational success. People are the organizational greatest asset. No matter how vast the organizational financial resource is, and no matter how sophisticated organizational machines may be, it is only the human element that can guarantee organizational survival and profitability. Among the organizational resources, it is only the human resource that is capable of thinking, initiating new ideas, responding to instructions and has the ability to respond to changing situations

No wonder organizations all over the world have realized the vital roles organization’s human play towards corporate success and have therefore been according it a right place in their organizations. Until lately the emphasis has shifted from Human Resources to Human Capital, This is in realization of great roles organization human resources play in organizations.

Unfortunately, so many firms have not realized the vital roles organizations resources play towards achieving corporate objectives. Such organizations are still seeing their people as item of cost rather than seeing them as valuable assets. Human Resources Management, despite its associated numerous benefits has its own problems to contend with as regards the people element.  Most organizations, including Dangote Group of Company has failed to realize the vital roles that their human capital can play towards organizational success. They failed to implement programmes and strategies that will attract, retain and motivate their human element to work co-operatively towards organizational success.

The focus of the study is to examine the place of human resources management in organizational survival.  The study used Dangote Group of Companies Nigeria PLC as its case study to determine whether human resources play a major role in the implementation of business strategy.  Below are some of the objectives the study will explore: To examine the role of human resources as the most important resources in any organization; To examine the structure of human resources management as it applies to Dangote Group of Companies Nigeria Plc and whether this impacts on workers’ morale; To find out whether Human Resources Management policies in organizations encourage better organizational performance; To find out whether non payment of competitive salary impact negatively on corporate performance; To find out whether inability of an organization to adequately compensate sacked workers does increase labour turnover. This project therefore examines how human resource management can contribute towards organizational profitability. It also examined the problems and challenges facing human resource managers in organizations in motivating their employees to high level of productivity. Some hypotheses that were tested in this study were:- Well structured Human Resources Management system does not improve working morale; Human Resources Management policies in organizations does not encourage better organizational performance; Non payment of competitive salary does not impact negatively on corporate performance; Inability of an organization to adequately compensate sacked workers does not increase labour turnover. The findings of this study were that Well structured Human Resources Management system improves working morale; Human Resources Management policies in organizations encourage better performance; Non payment of competitive salary impacts negatively on corporate performance; Inability of an organization to adequately compensate sacked workers increase labour turnover

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                           INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY

1.1         BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In today’s complex business environment filled with intense competition and dynamism in environmental variables, nothing calls for organizational success than the contributions of organizational human capital. Of all the organizational resources in terms of men, machine, money and materials, it is the human element that calls for organizational success. As Banjoko (1989) rightly captured it, dig deep into any organizational problem, you must find people. People are central to the organizational existence and survival. Infact without people, there will be no organization. People are the organizational greatest asset. No matter how vast the organizational financial resource is, and no matter how sophisticated organizational machines may be, it is only the human element that can guarantee organizational survival and profitability. Among the organizational resources, it is only the human resource that is capable of thinking, initiating new ideas, responding to instructions and has the ability to respond to changing situations

No wonder organizations all over the world have realized the vital roles organization’s human play towards corporate success and have therefore been according it a right place in their organizations. Until lately the emphasis has shifted from Human Resources to Human Capital, This is in realization of great roles organization human resources play in organizations.

Unfortunately, so many firms have not realized the vital roles organizations resources play towards achieving corporate objectives. Such organizations are still seeing their people as item of cost rather than seeing them as valuable assets. Some organizations have failed to give their human capital their rightful places. Such organizations failed to initiate programmes that are aimed at getting the best from any investment in their human capital.

Human resource management is said to be the tool available to managers in achieving the organizational objectives; managers must strive at harnessing properly the major factors that are relevant to organizational growth (people, money, materials and time).  However, the most important is the people element.  This element is also the key to success of any organization.  Human resources i.e. the people element is comprised of employees, supervisors and managers.  This orderly grouping is aimed at effectively utilization of the other element of the organizational resources.

Ogundele (2003) confirmed this by noting that without effective and productive human resources, no organizational objective could possible materialize.  The major creed in today’s managerial circle is the people element.  The success stories of those organizations that have gained and sustained competitive advantage are those that support the people element as the most critical asset.

1.2         STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Human Resources Management, despite its associated numerous benefits has its own problems to contend with as regards the people element.  Most organizations, including Dangote Group of Company has failed to realize the vital roles that their human capital can play towards organizational success. They failed to implement programmes and strategies that will attract, retain and motivate their human element to work co-operatively towards organizational success.

In such organizations, the level of employees’ motivation is very low; most employees are not given the privilege of achieving their potentials as human beings. Such organizations always experience high rate of labour turnover, high job insecurity, tardiness, non-challant work behaviours, high rate of accident and low productivity.

Dangote Group of Companies Nig Plc, although have attained high reputation in the society and great organizational success. They achieved organizational success without investing appropriately on their human capital. The staff are not well remunerated. The Human Resources Policies of the organization are such that are discriminatory and that demotivate the employees. If nothing is done to remedy the situation, the level of success that the organization has achieved over the years may not last long.

1.    Lack of manpower training and development

2.    Lack of appropriate selection and recruitment processes

3.    Lack of employees motivation scheme

4.    Poor management information system

5.    Nonchalant attitude of employees towards work

1.3         OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The focus of the study is to examine the place of human resources management in organizational survival.  The study used Dangote Group of Companies Nigeria PLC as its case study to determine whether human resources play a major role in the implementation of business strategy.  Below are some of the objectives the study will explore:

1.    To examine the role of human resources as the most important resources in any organization

2.    To examine the structure of human resources management as it applies to Dangote Group of Companies Nigeria Plc and whether this impacts on workers’ morale.

3.    To find out whether Human Resources Management policies in organizations encourage better organizational performance.

4.    To find out whether non payment of competitive salary impact negatively on corporate performance.

5.    To find out whether inability of an organization to adequately compensate sacked workers does increase labour turnover.

1.4         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This is to show how important human resources management is to all organizations and the merits of performance appraisal, motivation, manpower planning or focus on human resources planning on organizational survival.  The aforementioned tools if properly harnessed will bring about increased performance from employees.  

The importance of this study will enable organizations make policies that are centered on its employees.  The study will also boost employees’ morale to becoming more dedicated in their jobs functions which will invariably improve performance.  This will be achieved as the study will show how improved performance impact better on employees.

1.5         RESEARCH QUESTIONS

The following are the vital questions identified:

1.    “Well structured Human Resources Management system does not improve working morale”. Do you agree with this statement?

2.    Is the process of recruitment, selection and placement of personnel in organization relevant to job satisfaction?

3.    “A human Resources Management policy in organizations does not encourage better organizational performance”. Do you agree with this statement?

4.    Does non payment of competitive salary impact negatively on corporate performance?

5.    Does inability of an organization to adequately compensate sacked workers not increase labour turnover?

1.6         RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

1.    Ho: Well structured Human Resources Management system does not improve working morale.

Hi: Well structured Human Resources Management system improves working morale.

2.    Ho: Human Resources Management policies in organizations does not encourage better organizational performance

Hi: Human Resources Management policies in organizations encourage better organizational performance

3.    Ho: Non payment of competitive salary does not impact negatively on corporate performance.

Hi: Non payment of competitive salary does not impact negatively on corporate performance.

4.    Ho: Inability of an organization to adequately compensate sacked workers does not increase labour turnover

Hi: Inability of an organization to adequately compensate sacked workers increases labour turnover.

1.7         SCOPE OF STUDY

The study is limited to First Bank of Nigeria PLC using it as case study in assessing organizations.  The study is designed to discuss the followings:

a)    The policies in the company

b)    The human resources management system practiced

c)    The extent to which employees are satisfied

d)    The  impact on the bottom line

However, the overall purpose is to ascertain the extent to which the concept of human resources management in First Bank of Nigeria PLC has met with the standard and recommendation in the related literature reviewed.

1.8         DEFINITION OF TERMS

These are terms used such as human resources and human resources management.

Human Resources: According to William R. Tracy in his book, defines human resources as Human or people that are staff and that operate in organizations in contrast with financial and material resources of an organization.

Human Resources Management can be said to be an organizational function that deals with issues related to people such as compensation, hiring, performance management, organizational development, safety, wellness or workers, benefits, employee motivation, communication, administration and training.

Robert and John (1985) define human resources management as a key ingredient affecting organizational competitiveness and its ability to fulfill its mission.  The effectiveness of an organization in providing a product or service that fits customers’ needs is critical to its survival.  That product or service is mounded in part or entirely by people.   

Human resources management is concerned with the careful selection and placement of new employee and development and effective utilization of existing one with a view to attaining potentials that are beneficial to the employees and translating to the organizational goals and objectives.

Recruitment is the process of attracting the best qualified individuals to apply for a job.

Selection involves the series of steps from initial applicant screening to finally hiring.

Socialization involves orienting new employees to the firms and its work units.  Once hiring is completed, socialization is the final step in the staffing process. 

Performance appraisal and performance management are used both to refer to a process whereby managers and subordinates share understanding about what is to be accomplished and manager will naturally be concerned about how best to bring about those accomplishment. 

REFERENCES

1.    Bamidele J. A. (1997) Ideas and Issues of Management in Public Enterprises”

2.     Banjoko S.A (2006), Human Resource Management-An Expository Approach    Lagos: Saban Publishers, Pages 24, 71-92

3.    Ikenna E. N. and Beech N. (1995) Human Resources Management  

Prentice Hall Europe

4.    Hertzberg F. (1959) Organization Behaviour New York: Mc Graw Hill Book    

Company.

5.     Obisi C. (2004) Organizational Behaviour Concepts and Application,

         Lagos: Malthouse Press Ltd.

6.    Schermerhorn J. R., Hunt J. G. and Osborn R. M. (1985) Organization

Behaviour Canada: John Wesley and Son Inc

7.    Richard W. Beatty and Craig Eric Schneier (1981) Personnel Administration

Addison Wesley.

8.    Rao T. V. (1991) Reading in Human Resources Development  New Delhi: Hiolan

Primlani for Oxford and IBH Publishing company PVT. Ltd.

9.    Armstrong M (1992) Human Resources and Personnel Management

10. John K. and Andrew (1984) Trade Unions and Socialist Politics

The complete part of this project is available for sale

PROJECT PROPERTIES

Project Status	Available
Number of Chapters	5
Number of Pages	84
Number of Words	15,751
Number of References	10
Project Level	B.Sc.
Price	N10,000 (Non-Negotiable)
Abstract, Sample of Questionnaire are included
How to Pay for this Project . . . .23408028177177 or via email danikingconsulting@yahoo.com

 We can be of help to you in writing your project at any level starting from project topic to project defense. Call us on 23408028177177

The Impact of New Product Development on Organizational Performance, A Case Study of Cadbury Nigeir PLC

THE IMPACT OF NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE

 (A CASE STUDY OF CADBURY NIGERIA PLC)

RESEARCH PROJECT

WRITTEN BY

YOUR NAME

MATRICULATION NO.

        SUBMITTED TO

FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES,

 IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (B.SC.) DEGREE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION, ….. UNIVERSITY.

DATE......

ABSTRACT

This is an 81 page project that focused on the Impact of New Product Development on Organizational Performance, A Case Study of Cadbury Nigeria Plc. Product that an organization offers is the basic reason why the organization is in business. Where these products do not meet the desires and needs of the consumers, the firm is bound to fail unless necessary adjustment measures are taken. A product is everything both favourable and unfavourable that one receives in an exchange. According to Achumba (2000) product is a complexity of tangible and intangible attributes including functional, social and psychological utilities or benefits. Kotler and Armstrong (1996) defined a product as anything that attracts attention, acquisition, use, or consumption and that might satisfy a want or a need. These definitions confirm the assertion that products include more than just tangible goods. Broadly definded, products include physical objects, services, persons, ideas, places, organizations or mixes of these entities, This project examined how new product development programmes can contribute towards organization development. The Objective of this study include the following:- To highlight the impacts of New Product Development on organizational performance. To highlight various new product development strategies open to Nigerian Managers to achieve organizational success. To determine which of the new product development strategies that Nigerian managers use in their organizations to achieve their marketing objectives. To highlight ways that new product development programmes can be made to be more effective. To identify various problems that confront Nigerian Managers in implementing effective new product development programmes.

Some research questions considered in this study were:- What are the impacts of new product

development on organizational performance? What are the various new product development

strategies that are open to Nigerian Managers to  achieve organizational success? Which of the

new product development strategies that are mostly used by Nigerian Managers in their

organizations to achieve their marketing objectives? In what way(s) can new product

development programmes be made more effective? What are the various problems confronting

Nigerian Managers in implementing effective new product development programmes? Some

research hypotheses that were examined include:- : New product development decreases

organizational performance; Effective research and development programmes do not enhance

organization’s product quality; Firms that offer high quality products in the market are not

more profitable than firms that do not. Some findings of this study were that; New product

development programmes increases corporate viability and profitability. The products that an organization offers for sale in the market place are a major source of competitive advantage to the organization. New product development is a life blood of the organization. The product that an organization offers for sale is a key determinant to corporate viability and success. The success or otherwise of an organization in the market is tied to the type of product it offers for sale

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Contemporary marketing calls for more than developing a good product or service, pricing it adequately, and making it available to the target customers or clients. Organizations should also promote their goods and services to present and potential customers.

The Elements of marketing promotions mix include the following:- Advertising, Sales Promotion, Personal Selling, Public Relations and Publicity. The combination of these marketing promotions elements is called Promotional Mix. In their various ways, these elements are involved in communicating information to customers, clients or potential users about goods and services on offer. Their fundamental aim is to prompt customers, clients or potential users to take positive action by placing orders, making enquiries, and purchasing on a continuous basis.

The consumer before he makes his purchase decision passes through the following stages: Awareness, Interest, Desire and Action or what we popularly refer to as the AIDA (Attention, Interest, Desire and Action) process of making a purchase. At each step in the purchase decision, the probability that a purchase will result is enhanced through the use of efficient and effective marketing promotions, and ending ultimately in the purchase of the goods or service being promoted.

Marketing Promotion is the art of transmitting information for marketing purposes. It is the process of establishing communication relationship. Under marketing communications, an organization would be aiming at a deliberately differentiated audience for a commercial purpose, and would employ such means of communication as advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, public relations and publicity.

According to Achumba (2000) a marketing promotion strategy is concerned with the role to be played by each of the promotional mix elements towards effective and efficient dissemination of information to customers, clients or potential users. As Achumba further noted, the suitability of any particular promotional mix is a function of such factors as the type of product or service (i.e. industrial or consumer), the age of the product (i.e. the time for which the product/service has been in the market and its sophistication as compared to competing products/services), and the contribution which it is felt that the other marketing variables can make to the demand-influencing process.

The underlying emphasis and consideration for management is to know the extent to which advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, public relations and publicity will help in achieving the objectives of the marketing promotions programme. Aspects to consider include the objectives of the marketing promotions programme, the budget allocation for it, and the means and tools for disseminating information to customers or clients.

1.2 Statement of Problem

Most organizations, including Cadbury Nigeria Plc has failed to realize the vital roles that marketing promotions can play towards organizational success. They failed to implement effective promotional programmes and strategies that will offer competitive advantage towards their brands and therefore enable consumers have brand preference for their products which is hard to overcome by other competitors.

In most cases, promotional programmes are. not given their right places. Promotional programmes are not usually being handled by experts. Also, in most instances, promotional programmes are not properly planned and executed. The promotional budgets are just conceived and dished out without mapping out appropriate strategies for its implementation and execution tailored towards achieving organizational success.

Advertising programmes are usually targeted at the mass audience instead of focusing on a little market segment. Advertising, sales promotional, publicity and public relations programmes’ objectives are not properly stated. In several instances, the advertising themes are not appropriately conceived. Wrong media for communicating the promotional messages are often been selected. In most cases, there is usually wrong timing of advertisement messages. The sales personnel are often not well trained to carry out their personal selling functions effectively.

The overall consequence of all these anomalies is that promotional objectives in most cases are never realized.

1.3 The Purpose of the Stud

It is against this backdrop that the study set out to

• determine the impacts of Promotion on organizational performance,
• determine whether advertising improve corporate and brand images.
• ascertain which of the promotional strategies that Nigerian managers use in their organizations to achieve their marketing objectives,
• examine ways by which promotional programmes can be made more effective,
• identify various problems that confront Nigerian Managers in implementing effective promotional programme,

1.4. Research Questions

The following questions were asked in this study:-

1. What are the impacts of promotion on organizational performance?
2. What are the various promotional strategies that are open to Nigerian Managers to achieve organizational success?
3. Which of the promotional strategies that are mostly used by Nigerian Managers in their organizations to achieve their marketing objectives?
4. In what way(s) can promotional programmes be made more effective?
5. What are the various problems confronting Nigerian Managers in implementing effective promotional programmes?

1.5. Research Hypotheses

1.         H₀: Marketing promotion decreases organizational profitability.

H₁   Marketing promotion increases organizational profitability.

2.         H₀: Advertising does not improve corporate and brand images.

            H_1: Advertising improves corporate and brand images.

3.         H₀: Involvement of experts in promotional programmes does not enhance the achievement of promotional objectives.

H₁: : Involvement of experts in promotional programmes do enhance the achievement of promotional objectives.

4.         H₀: Personal Selling is not more precise in making sales than other promotional mix elements

H₁: Personal Selling is more precise in making sales than other promotional mix elements,

1.6. Significance of Study

Corporate Promotional strategies is among the strategies adopted by organizations to improve

on their revenue generation and profitability. Promotional programs when successful shall help

organizations to have easy in roads into the market place and therefore be able to achieve their

marketing objectives. The significance of this study can be seen by examining  the various

contributions that this study shall make to the users of the information of this study which

include the organization that is being used as the case study of this work. This study shall

provide reference point to students, marketers and researchers who are seeking avenues to

improve their marketing promotional programmes. The findings of this study shall be hosted

on the internet and kept in the Library to make them accessible to other users. It is hoped that

both the organization that was used as the case study of this study and the larger society

shall benefit immensely from this work.

1.7       Limitation of Study

            The following limitations were encountered in the course of this study:-

·         There was also a time constraint as the researcher has to combine this project work with her school work.

·         Funds to carry out this study were in short supply.

·         Furthermore, there were some of the respondents that were un co-operating irrespective of efforts that the researcher made to convince them and to get their support in obtaining information needed for this study.

·         The resource materials personnel and computer needed for data processing were also not available. Consequently, the researcher resort to using calculator and the manual process of data analysis.

1.8  Scope of the Study

This study focused on the Impact of Promotion on Organizational

Performance – A Case study of Cadbury Nig Plc. This study

investigated on the impact of Promotion on Organizational Performance.

1.9 Definition of Terms

Advertising:   To make known to the public, to stress the good points of a product with the aim of selling the products.

Billboards:     Billboards are large structures located in public places which display  advertisements to passing pedestrians and motorists

Celebrity branding    This is type of advertising that focuses upon using celebrity power, fame, and money, popularity to gain recognition for their products and promote specific stores or products.

Coupons:                    A piece of paper which may be exchanged for goods or money

Guerrilla marketing  A recent advertising innovation is "guerrilla marketing", which involve unusual approaches such as staged encounters in public places, giveaways of      products such as cars that are covered with brand messages, and interactive advertising where the viewer can respond to become part of the advertising message

Informercials:            An infomercial is a long-format television commercial, typically five minutes or longer. The word    infomercial" combining the words "information" & "commercial”.  Infomercials describe, display, and often demonstrate products and their features, and commonly have testimonials from consumers and industry professionals.

Mass Media:              Means of communication information to a large number of people

Niche Marketing:                  These advertisements are targeted to a specific group and can be viewed by anyone wishing to find out more about a particular business or practice at any time, right from their home.

Personal Selling:                    Personal Selling is a face-to-face oral presentation of information about products and service in a conversation with one or more buyers for the purpose of making sells.

Persuasion:                            The act of bringing someone to do or think something by arguing with them or by advising them.

Promotion:                             Advertising, or an effort to publicize and increase sales of a particular brand.

Publicity:                                Is an unpaid form of promotion appearing in the mass media. It is a non personal form of promotion which may take the form of favourable news presentation for a product or an organization

Public Relations:                   Is the deliberate, planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain mutual understanding between an organization and its publics.

Sales Promotion:                   Sales promotions are those marketing activities, other than personal selling, advertising, and publicity that stimulate consumer purchasing and dealer effectiveness. Sales promotions include things like contests and games, sweepstakes, demonstrations, shows and expositions, product giveaways, samples coupons, loyalty programs, and discounts.

Social Network Advertising: This is online advertising with a focus on social networking sites.

Sweepstakes:                          A gambling system in which those who take part stake money which goes to the holder of the winning ticket  

REFERENCES

1. Adedayo A. (1998) Understanding Statistics, Lagos: Jas Publishers,                          Pages  265-269

2.   Asika N. (2004) Research Methodology – A Process Approach,                                           Lagos: Mukugamu and Brothers Enterprises, Pages 129-134

3.   Fagbohungbe O. (2002), Research Methods For Nigerian Tertiary   Institutions. Lagos: Kotleb Publishers

The complete part of this project is available for sale

PROJECT PROPERTIES

Project Status	Available
Number of Chapters	5
Number of Pages	64
Number of Words	14,126
Number of References	11
Project Level	B.Sc.
Price	N10,000 (Non-Negotiable)
Abstract, Sample of Questionnaire are included
How to Pay for this Project . . . .23408028177177

 We can be of a help to you in writing your own projects starting from sourcing of project topic to your project defense for all projects at all level and for any department or faculty. Call us on this number 23408028177177